morphology fitness paper

FITNESS PAPER
                                                     PHARMACONOSY(MORPHOLOGY)
 MULTIPLE CHOISE QUESTIONS

 1. which organ of the plant produce sex cells:
   a. seeds b. leaves c. flowers d. bark e. fruits
2. A dry fruit which split along both dorsal and ventral sutures to release their seeds is called....
  a. Nuts b. Samara c. Follicles d. Achene e.Legumes
3. If stamens are separate is called...
  a. polypetalous b. gynophore c. monadelphous d. diadelphous e. pistil
4. which of the following is an examples of the medicinal plant with straight-walled epidermal cells
  a. Hyoscyamus b. senna leaves c. D.starmonium d. A.belladonna e. Talc
5. A freshy structures rich in lipids and proteins attached to the seed is......
  a. Aril b. embryo c. Elaiosome d. Funicle e. Hilum
6. which of the following statement(s) is correct regarding to Hesperidiums;
  a. have soft epicarp and freshy mesocarp and endocarp
  b. Barries with comparatively thick exocarp or rid
  c. Barries wiyh a thicker skin containing oil
  d. A freshy fruits with mature ovary and accessory structures
  e. are soft aggregate fruits
7. which of the following structure is formed from sepals and petals together?
  a. calyx b. Receptacle c. Pistil d. corolla e. Perianth
8. which structure of the flower forms the hypanthium if elongated below the calyx
  a. corolla b. Perianth c. Receptacle d. pollen e. carpel
9. A surface  of the leaf with free from hairs is called...
  a. pubescent b. hispid c. glabous d. hirsute e. viscid
10. ................characterized by the presence of eye's from the vegetative buds with grow further and develop into new plant
  a. rhizome b. corm c. bulb d. tubers e. suckers
         
                    MULTIPLE TRUE/FALSE
1. Regarding leaf margins;
  a...........entire -smooth margins
  b...........crenate-with slight undulations like a shock
  c............serrate-with round teeth
  d...........lobate-indented , but not to midline
  e............sinuate-with wave like indentations

2. Consider  the differences between monocot and dicot roots;
  a............in monocot xylem is tetraarch while dicot is polyarch
  b............in dicot pith is present while in monocot is absent
  c............in monocot conjuctive tissues is sclerenchymatous while in dicot is parenchymatous
  d............in dicot secondary growth is present while in monocot is absent
  e............metaxylem vessels are generally circular in cross section while in monocot is polygonal

3. Refer to structures of the seed;
  a............funicle is an opening that marks position of the radicle
  b............tegmen is a scar left by the funiculus
  c.............raphae is a fibrovascular tissue formed by adhesion of funicle and testa
  d.............strophiole is a structure that arises from the testa near the hilum
  e.............aril is an expansion of the placenta or funicle over the surface of the seed

4. Differences between dicot and monocot stem
  a...........in dicot -hypodermis is made up of collenchymatous cells while in monocot is sclerencymatous cells
  b..........starch sheath is absent in dicot while in monocot is present
  c..........pericycle is present in monocot while is absent in dicot
  d..........bundle cap is present in monocot while bundle sheath is present in dicot
  e..........ground tissue is differentiated into cortex, endodermis , pericycle and pith in dicot while in monocot  is not differentiated

                                      MATCH ITERM
                      PART A

1. i. obtuse  ii. mucronate iii. acuminate iv. cuspidate v. emarginate
                     PART B
 a. when it is pointed to form acute angle
 b. rounded tip
 c. rounded apex ending abruptly in a short point
 d. broad tip slight notch
 e. pointed tip with much elongation
 f. with spiny tip like date palm
 g. when tip is deeply notched

2.      PART A
   i. valvate capsule ii. porose capsule iii. loculicidal capsule iv. circumscissile capsule v. septicidal capsule
         PART B
 a. splits along locules
 b. splits along the septa
 c. form pores to release seeds
 d. splits along inner sutures only
 e. splits along both dorsal and ventral sutures
 f. split through the centre of the fruits
 g. the tip split open

          SHORT NOTES

1. a. Define phyllotaxy
    b. Outline types of phyllotaxy

2. i. Mention six external structures of the stem
    ii. list five functions of the stem

3. With aid of drawing, give short explanation on  differences between simple and compound leaves

4. a. A bark shows a certain characteristics that are of diagnostic importance. mention them
    b. With aid of drawing, list six various curvatures that is presented  for the market by commercial bark

5. Outline five simple succulent fruits and three simple dry indehiscent fruits

6. What do you understand by the following terms;
   pistil , carpel, gynoecium, androecium and corolla

7. Give short explanation on dicot mesophyll

8. a. Define endosperm and give its functions
    b. what is the differences between exalbuminus and albuminus seeds( give at least one example)

                               ESSAY
1. Explain classification of the flower ( at least based on five criteria)

2. Explain pharmacognostic importance of  epidermis

3. Using four examples,explain modify stem