CAT ONE

        i.            The internal structure of the root which is composed of single layer of barrel shaped parenchymatous cells is called……..

A.     Cortex

B.     Epiblema

C.     Pericycle

D.    Endodermis

                  E.      Medulla                                      

      ii.              Which of the following method of adulteration may occur due to incorrect storage?

A.    Admixture

B.     Substitution

C.     Sophistication with inferior varieties                                                                                                                                                   

D.    Spoilage of drug

E.     Deterioration

    iii.            Which type of vegetative propagation is extensively used in the manufacture of antibiotics, lysergic acid derivatives and some vitamins?

A.     By layer

B.     By division

C.     By inoculation                                                                                                                             

D.    By fermentation

E.     By cutting

    iv.             Which of the following is the Characteristics of Collenchyma Tissues?

A.    Is the precursor of all the other tissues 

B.     Have dense cytoplasm with large nuclei

C.     Provide rigidity of the seed-coat                                                                                                                         

D.    Form the ground tissue in a plant                                                                                                                                

E.     Strengthen young organs

 

      v.            Consider function of the Endoplasmic Reticulum…….

A.     It transports materials through the cell and produces proteins

B.     It packages and transports materials (proteins and carbohydrates) to different locations

C.     It controls many of the functions of the cell (by controlling protein synthesis)

D.    It is a small body located near the nucleus that forms and organizes microtubules

E.     Contains DNA (genetic material in chromosomes)

    vi.            A flower pollinated by insects have the following features…

A.    May have pollens which floats on water

B.     Have white flowers with strong fruity smell and open at night

C.     Are log tube shaped, have bright red or yellow colours, and with no fragrance 

D.    Have bright colours, sweet fragrance and produce nectar

E.     have large stigmas, no or little fragrance, and non- sticky pollens

  vii.             Which of the following plant shows destructive allelopathy antibiosis?

A.    Digitalis

B.     Ocimum basilicum

C.     Belladonna and mustard                                                                       

D.    Urtica dioica

E.     Nicotiana

viii.            An example of Exalbuminous seed is ……..

A.    Nux vomica

B.      Wheat

C.      Rice                                                                                                           

D.     Linseed

E.      Soya beans

    ix.            Which of the following method of drying is more suitable for use in the wet weather?

A.     Lyophilisation

B.       Sun Drying

C.     Shade Drying

D.    Artificial Drying                                                                                                     

E.     Vacuum Drying

      x.            The effect of Oxygen on stored volatile oil is called………………..

A.    Deoxygenization

B.     Decomposition

C.     Rancidification                                       

D.    Resinification

E.     Oxydation 

SECTION B: MULTIPLE TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS            

 

1.    The vegetative propagation by Division may be used by which of the following drugs

A.    …….… Rhubarb

B.     ………. Gentian

C.     ………. Chamomile

D.    …….…Cascara

E.     …….…Ginger

2.      Regarding indehiscent fruits……….

A.    ……….. Dry fruits which splits along inner suture only

B.     …………Have edible exocarp and fleshy mesocarp and inedible, hard stone-like endocarp

C.     ……….. A hard dry fruit with one seed which almost feels the pericarp but attached loosely

D.    ………... It is a simple, dry fruit in which the testa and pericarp are fused

E.     …………Are dry fruits which split along both dorsal and ventral sutures to release their seeds

3.      Which of the following medicinal plants can be affected by Latitude and Altitude

A. ….…… Tragacanth

B. ….……  Peppermint

C. ….……   Datura

D ………… Nicotiana

E. ….……  Glycosides

4.      Which of the following structures observed in dicot stem?

A. …….…   Pericycle

B ………… Protoxylem lacuna

C. …….…  Bundle sheath

D ………… Scattered vascular bundles

E ………… Starch sheath

 

SECTION C: MATCHING ITEMS QUESTIONS                                    

·       

COLUM A	ANSWERS	COLUM B
1. Raphe		A.      Succulent growth from hilum covering the entire seeds B.      Outgrowth originating from micropyle and covering the seeds C.      is the point of attachment of seed to its stalk D.     longitudinal marking of adherant stalk of anatropous ovule E.      A warty outgrowth from micropyle F.       the basal portion of ovule where stalk is attached G.     is the stalk of the ovule attaching it to the placenta
2. Chalza
3. Aril
4. Caruncle
5. Hilum

PART TWO: Match the item in column B with examples in column A by writing the letter of the correct answer in the space provided

COLUM A(TYPES OF STOMATA)	ANSWERS	COLUM B(EXAMPLES)
1.        Anomocytic		A.      Uva ursi B.     Talc C.      Eucalyptus D.    peppermint E.     Senna F.      Tobacco G.    Activated charcoal
2.        Paracytic
3.     Actinocytic
4.       Anisocytic
5 .      Diacytic

 

SECTION D: SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS                                                   (40 MARKS)

 

1.      List five reasons which may lead to occur of Unintentional adulteration                  (5 marks)

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

 

2.      Ground tissue system is represented by which structures of the plant, list five        (5marks)                     

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

3.       Mention five types of Fracture of bark                                                                      (5marks)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

4.       Regarding stage of maturity, which stage is right time of collecting the following medicinal plants                                                                                                                          (5marks) 

Cloves

………………………………………………………………………………………………..

Vanilla

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

Papaver somniferum

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

D. lanata

………………………………………………………………………………………………..

Mentha piperita

…………………………………………………………………………………………………

5.      Give reasons, why drying apparatus and stills should be situated as near to the growing plants

as possible in Drugs containing volatile oils and all moist drugs                         (4marks)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

6.      A. State why the season at which each drug is collected is usually a matter of considerable importance?                                                                                                          ( 1marks)

……………………………………………………………………………………………….

B.     Mention five examples of medicinal plants which consider seasons during collection                                                  

                                                                                                                         (5marks)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………                                   

 

13. A. Describe two effects of moisture during storage of crude drugs                           (2marks)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

 B. List four examples of drugs affected by moisture                                                       (4marks)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

14.   Outline four parts of A typical angiospermic leaf                                                (4 marks)

 ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

 

 

 

 

SECTION E: GUIDED ESSAY QUESTIONS                             (30 MARKS)

INSTRUCTIONS:

·         This section consists of Two (2) questions which are supposed to be answered in a narrative way

·         Write your answer on the empty pages of this question paper; each question should start on a new page.

·         There will be a penalty of three (3) marks if questions are not answered in essay form

 

 

15.  Explain the following methods of extractions                                                 15 MARKS

Continues hot extraction, Supercritical fluid extraction, counter current extraction

16.  Explain four ways in which adulteration can occur and three reasons for adulteration of crude drugs                                                                     

                                                                                                                                 15 MARKS

 

 

 REFERENCE BOOKS;TREASE AND ENVANCE, COGNOSY-BIREN-SHAH